Todos los colores del arcoíris

¿Sabías que hoy en día se hablan más de 6900 lenguas a diario en todo el mundo? Sin embargo, al menos 20 de estas comparten una característica interesante: cuando se trata de describir los colores, ¡solo tienen términos distintos para el negro, el blanco y el rojo! Teniendo esto en cuenta, es reconfortante saber que en Europa nuestra elección de palabras para los colores va mucho más allá de tan solo tres colores. Además, los usamos a menudo para expresar estados de ánimo, emociones y características a nivel personal. Los percibimos mediante descripciones idiomáticas como el azul para la tranquilidad, el rosa para el amor o el verde para la naturaleza. Sin embargo, estas nociones pueden invertirse a menudo y también podemos sentirnos a bit blue (algo decaídos), see red (estar furiosos) o incluso estar green with envy (verdes de envidia). El uso de los colores en nuestras lenguas europeas es muy simbólico y, por tanto, da lugar a una rica y variada lista de modismos.
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ENGLISH
to be black and blue
 - to be bruised and beaten
to be black and white - to be straight forward; to be very clear
to black out - to faint
to be the black sheep - to be the odd or disreputable member of the group or family
to be/stay in the black - to be successful or profitable
the black market - the area where illegal things such as drugs and guns are bought and sold
to be as black as coal - to be very black
a black tie event - a formal event or party that men are expected to wear a black suit with a tie
the Black death - the Plague, the Pestilence

FRENCH
avoir des idées noires - to feel very sad  (lit. to have black ideas)
broyer du noir - to be very pessimistic (lit. to grind some black)
se mettre dans une colère noire - to have a big fit of anger (lit. to have a black fit of anger)
dire blanc et noir - not to decide who to support (lit. to say white and black)
dire tantôt blanc, tantôt noir - to say something and its contrary at the same time (lit. to sometimes say white and some other time say black)
être dans le noir total - to not understand anything at a situation (lit. to be in pitch black)
être d’humeur noire - to feel gloomy (lit. to be in a black mood)
l’or noir - in reference to oil or petroleum, which represent a source of wealth (lit. black oil)
être noir comme du charbon - to be very black (lit. to be black as charcoal)
être noir sur blanc - to be written clearly (lit. to be black on white)
être noir - to be black (lit. drunk) 
peindre une situation en noir - to be excessively pessimistic about a situation (lit. to paint a situation in black)
la peste noire - the Black Plague that spread over Europe between 1347 and 1352
s’enfoncer dans le noir - to feel gloomy (lit. to sink into blackness)
travailler au noir - to be a moonlighter, to work illegally (lit. to work black)
un endroit noir de monde - a place full of people (lit. a place black with people)
un petit noir - a cup of coffee (lit. a small black)
une vie mêlée de blanc et de noir - a life full of extremes (lit. a life mixed with white and black)
voir tout en noir - to be very pessimistic (lit. to see everything in black)
être noir - to be black (lit. drunk) 
un film noir - an atmospherically suspenseful cinema (lit. a black film)
être noir comme un four - to be very dark black (lit. black as an oven)     
être bête noire - a person’s least favorite thing/a harmful thing/anathema (lit. the black beast)
un œil au beurre noir - a bruised eye (lit. black butter eye)

BOSNIAN/CROATIAN/SERBIAN/MONTENEGRIN
crni dani - hard times (lit. black days)
crna zemlja - burying ground (lit. black soil)
čija majka crnu vunu prede? - who is in grave danger? (lit. whose mother spins black wool?)
voda sve opere osim crna obraza - if one loses his/her honour, then it goes lost forever (lit. water can wash everything but a black cheek)
crna ovca - black sheep
crna - death (lit. black)

CRÉOLE FROM LA RÉUNION
out kanar lé noir - you are going to be in trouble (lit. your duck is black..)

CZECH
lidí až cerno - to be very crowded (lit. to be black with people)
cerné na bílém - to be an undeniable fact (lit. to be black on white)f
naplatí se, až zcerná - to pay something through the nose (lit. to pay until one turns black) 
zavrít nekoho, až zcerná - to be locked away for a very long prison sentence (lit. to be locked away until one turns black)
teče mu/jí červená - to be bleeding (lit. red is pouring/flowing out of him/her)

DANISH
sortseer - a person that illegally gets TV/radio reception without paying any fees; also a pessimist (lit. to be a black viewer)
sorte penge - money earned without paying income tax (lit. black money)
gå i sort - to freeze; to not be able to do anything (lit. to go in black)

DUTCH
zwartmaken - to defame someone (lit. to make someone black)
zwartkijken - to watch TV without paying for it (lit. to watch black)
op zwart zaad zitten - to be broke (lit. to sit on black seed)
zwartrijden - to ride public transport without paying (lit. to black ride)
het zag er zwart van de mensen - to look crowded/packed with people (lit. to be black with people)
iets zwart op wit zetten - to put something in writing (lit. to put something down black on white)
liegen dat je zwart ziet - lying so much that there's no truth left in your story (lit. to lie until one looks black)
zwarte sneeuw zien - to live in poverty (lit. to see black snow)
zwartepieten - to decide who gets the blame (lit. to black Peter)

ESTONIAN
riided on mustad - dirty clothes (lit. clothes are black)

FINNISH
mustamaalata - to defame someone (lit. to black-pain someonet)
mustasukkainen - to be jealous (lit. to be black-socked)
muuttua mustaksi - to become angry (lit. to turn black)

GERMAN
warten bis man schwarz wird - to wait a very long time (lit. to wait until one becomes black)
schwarzfahren - to not pay the fare for a ride (lit. to black ride)
schwarze Liste - a list of undesirable/bad people/things (lit. a black list)
schwarz sehen - to be pessimistic (lit. to see black)
sich schwarz ärgern - to be very angry (lit. to be angry black)
etwas schwarz malen - to depict something in a pessimistic light (lit. to paint something black)
ins Schwarze treffen - to hit something very precisely (lit. to hit the black)
schwarz wie die Nacht sein - to be pitch black (lit. to be black as night)
jemandem den schwarzen Peter zuschieben - to pass an unpleasant responsibility onto someone else (lit. to pass the black Peter to someone)
eine schwarze Seele haben - to be evil (lit. to have a black soul)

GREEK
το μαύρο πρόβατο της οικογένειας - the odd or disreputable member of the group or family (lit. the black sheep of the family)
κλαίω με/χύνω μαύρο δάκρυ- cry very bitter and painful tears (lit. to cry with/spill a black tear)
μαύρη γάτα - black cat; a symbol of bad luck (lit. black cat)
κάνω μαύρα μάτια να δω κάποιον - to have not seen someone for a long time (lit. to do black eyes in order to see someone)
μαύρα μεσάνυχτα - to be completely ignorant about something(lit. black at midnight) μαύρη πέτρα - someone who never came back (lit. black tone)
δεν είναι άσπρο-μαύρο- to not be clearly defined; to have room for confusion, ambiguity, or discrepancy. (lit. to be not black and white).
τα έχω μαύρα - to be angry (lit. to have them black)
είμαι στις μαύρες μου - to be in a very bad mood, to have the blues (lit. to be in one's black ones)
μαύρος στο ξύλο - to be black and blue; to be bruised and beaten (lit. to be black in wood)
μαυρίζω κάποιον την ψυχή - to make someone sad/depressed (lit. to black someone's soul)

IRISH
bheith dubh dóite - to be bored (lit. to be black-burnt)
bheith dubh le daoine - to be black with people (lit. to be crowded, packed)
scamall dubh - depression (lit. a black cloud)
galar dubh - depression (lit. a black disease)
fear dubh - the devil (lit. the black man)

ITALIAN
cronaca nera - crime news (lit. the black column)
bestia nera - a person’s least favourite thing, a harmful thing (lit. the black beast)
cuore nero - cruelty (lit. a black heart)
periodo nero - a period of bad times and trouble (lit. a black period)
umor nero - grumpiness, pessimism (lit. a black mood)
fame nera - extreme hunger (lit. black hunger)
vedere tutto nero - to be pessimistic (lit. to see everything black)
fare un quadro nero della situazione - to portray something negatively or pessimistically (lit. to make a black picture of the situation)
fare nero qualcuno - to hurt someone very badly (lit. to make someone black)
conti neri - secret or unlawful accounts (lit. black accounts)
nero come la pece - to be very dark black (lit. to be black as pitch)
pensieri neri - gloomy thoughts (lit. black thoughts)
anima nera - a villain (lit. a black soul)
oro nero - oil or petroleum (lit. black gold)
vino nero - red wine (lit. black wine)
mettere nero su bianco - to put pen to paper, to write down, to formalize.(lit. to put black on white)

LITHUANIAN
juodi pinigai - unfairly earned money (lit. black money)
juodas darbas - to work very hard (lit. black labour)

NORWEGIAN
å svartmale - to portray a situation negatively (lit. to paint something black)
svarte ta deg - to go to hell (lit. the black take you)
svarteper - refers to a card game (Blackjack). To be left with "svarteper" means to drawthe short straw.
sort får (å være familiens sorte får) - to be the odd or disreputable member of the group or family (lit. the black sheep of the family)
det svarte marked - black market

POLISH
czarna rozpacz - state of great despair (lit. black despair)
czarna ospa - smallpox (lit. black pox)
czarna owca -
to be the odd or disreputable member of the group or family (lit. black sheep)
odkladac na czarna godzine - to save for later/for a rainy day (lit. to put away for a black hour)
czarno coś widzieć - to be pessimistic (lit. to be black about something)
czarny - a villain (lit. a black character)
mala czarna - an espresso or a little black dress (lit. a small black)
czarno cos widziec - to be pessimistic (lit. to see something in black) 
czarno ksieznik - a wizard (lit. a black moon person)
mieć czarne myśli - to be pessimistic (lit. to have black thoughts)
pracować na czarno - to work illegally (lit. to work in black)

POLISH
biały tydzień - The week after the first communion when children go to church (lit. white week)

PORTUGUESE
a coisa está preta! - a situation hard to deal with (lit. the thing is black!)
humor negro - touchy or controversial humor (lit. black humour)

ROMANIAN
a fi negru de suparare- to sulk, to be visibly angry (lit. to be black with anger)
scrie negru pe alb - to be clearly written, established, fixed (lit. to be written black on white)
n-o fi dracul atât de negru - things are not that bad (lit. the devil's not that black)
a fi negru în cerul gurii - to be cruel (lit. to have a black palate)
mizerie neagra - dire poverty (lit. black misery)
inima neagra- a spade (in playing cards) (lit. a black heart)
buba-neagra - anthrax (lit. a black ulcer)
a fi negru la suflet - to be evil (lit. to be black in the soul)
padure neagra - a deep, dark forest (lit. a black forest)
în negru - to be in mourning (lit. in black)
cât negru sub unghile - only a little bit, almost nothing (lit. as much as black under the fingernail)
a vedea totul în negru- to be pessimistic (lit. to see everything in black)
a face zile negre - to bother, irritate (lit. to make black days for someone)
pâine neagra - brown bread (lit. black bread)
bani negri - money gained dishonestly (black money)
negru ca abanosul - a very dark shade of black (for hair) (lit. as black as ebony)

SCOTTISH GAELIC
dubh
- the pupil of the eye (lit. black)
dubhfhacal - a riddle or parable (lit. a black saying)

SLOVAK
na cierno - illegally (lit. on the black) 

SPANISH
pasarlas negras - to have a tough time of it (lit. to pass the blacks)
verse negro - to be in a jam (lit. to see oneself black)
verlo todo negro - to be pessimistic (lit. to see everything black)
pagar en negro - to purchase something without paying taxes (lit. to pay in black)
cine negro - an atmospheric, suspenseful film (lit. black cinema)
ponerse más negro que el tizón - to get very tanned (lit. as black as a charred log)
humor negro - touchy or controversial humour; black humour (lit. humor negro)
tener a alguien negro (p.e. me tenéis negro/a) - to get someone angry (lit. to have someone black)

SWEDISH
svartsjuk 
- jealousy (lit. black disease) 
det svartnar för ögonen - to get so angry so as to get a blackout (lit. to blacken the eyes)

TURKISH
ak akçe kara gün içindir - hard-earned money saved for when it is needed (lit. white coin is for a black day)
kara haber - bad news (lit. black news)
kara gün - a day when something bad happens (lit. a black day)
gözükara - rash, excessively brave, berserk (lit. black-eyed)
kara cahil - a person who knows nothing (lit. black ignorant)
kara sevda - infatuation (lit. black love)
bahti kara - someone who is very unlucky (lit. black destiny)
kara gün dostu - true friend (lit. black day friend)
kara kara düsünmek - to brood (lit. think black black)

ENGLISH
a white lie - an innocent lie to protect another person's feelings
white feather - a display of cowardice
white elephant - a useless possession
to be as white as a sheet - to be in a state of great fear
a white-collar worker - a professional or office worker
to be whiter than white - to be innocent, pure and virtuous
to wave a white flag - to capitulate in a game, challenge or war
to be as white as a ghost - being very pale (said of a person’s face)

FRENCH
un blanc - a silence period in conversation (lit. a white)
passer une nuit blanche - to have a sleepless night (lit. to spend a white night)
blanc comme neige - innocent (lit. white as snow)
blanc comme un linge - to be very pale, white (lit. white as a piece of cloth)
blanc-bec - an inexperienced but pretentious person (lit. white beak)
blanchissement d'argent - money laundering (lit. money whitening)
faire chou blanc - to fail, despite one's best efforts (lit. to make white cabbage)
blanchissage - a shutout in a sports game - e.g. a hockey goalie not allowing a goal (lit. a whitening)
avoir un blanc - to forget something (e.g. a name) you usually know (lit. to have a white)
avoir un examen blanc - to take a practice/mock exam (lit. to have a white exam)
tirer à blanc - to shoot blanks (lit. to fire with white)
une oie blanche - a naive, silly girl (lit. a white goose)
cousu de fil blan - obviously fake (lit. sewn with white thread)
arme blanche - a weapon with a blade, such as a knife (lit. a white weapon)
fixer dans le blanc des yeux - to look at someone with intensity or defiance (lit. to stare at the whites of the eyes)
marquer d'une pierre blanche - to designate a day as one to be remembered (lit. to mark the day with a white stone)
blanc sur rouge, rien ne bouge; rouge sur blanc, tout fout le camp
- to drink white wine after red wine will not make one sick, while the contrary does (lit. white after red, nothing moves; red after white, everything falls apart)
un mariage blanc
- a white marriage (lit. a marriage of convenience) 
blanchir sous le harnais - to gain experience (lit. to whiten oneself under the harness)
bulletin blanc - a blank ballot (lit. white bulletin)
chauffé à blanc - to be very angry (lit. white heated)
col blanc - a white collar, an office worker (lit. white collar)
colère blanche - a big fit of anger (lit. white fit of anger)
coupe à blanc - the entire felling of a forest (lit. white cut)
coupe à blanc-estoc - the entire felling of a forest (lit. white thrust)
coupe blanche - the entire felling of a forest (lit. white cut)
de but en blanc - without any preparation (lit. from the aim to the white)
de la blanche - heroine (lit. some white)
dire tantôt blanc, tantôt noir - to say something and its contrary at the same time (lit. to sometimes say white and some other time say black)
donner un blanc seing - to give one’s agreement without any limits (lit. to give one’s white signature)
eléphant blanc - a financial abyss or an excessive project (lit. a white elephant)
laisser en blanc - to leave something black, without anything written
être blanc - to have grey hair (lit. to be white)
faire chou blanc - to fail (lit. to make a white cabbage)
hisser le drapeau blanc - to capitulate (lit. to hoist the white flag)
histoire cousue de fil blanc - a story that is obviously a lie (lit. a story sewn with white thread)
les blouses blanches - the medical staff in a hospital (lit. the white blouses)
l’un dit blanc, l’autre noir - when one person says oone thing but another other says the contrary (lit. one says white the other says black)
magie blanche - a kind of magic that is good (lit. white magic)
manger son pain blanc en premier - to start with the easiest thing to do (lit. to eat oneself’s white bread first)
noir sur blanc - stated clearly (lit. black on white)
or blanc - in reference to the snow that represents a source of wealth (lit. the white gold)
passer du blanc au noir - to change one’s mind (lit. to go from white to black)
peur blanche - a big fright (lit. a white scare)
russe blanc - a pro-czar Russian (lit. a white Russian)
saigner à blanc - to exploit something until there’s nothing left (lit. to bleed white)
un petit blanc - a glass of gin or a glass of white wine (lit. a small white)
une voix blanche - a toneless voice (lit. a white voice)
un vote blanc - an abstention vote (lit. a white vote)

BOSNIAN/CROATIAN/SERBIAN/MONTENEGRIN
b(ij)ela kuga - low birthrate (lit. white plague)
b(ij)eli svijet - whole wide world (lit. white world)
b(ij)eli dan - broad daylight (lit. white day)
b(ij)eli luk - garlic (lit. white onion)
b(ij)ela vrana - a person who is different from the crowd (lit. white crow)
b(ij)eli miševi - imagined or hallucinated things (lit. white mice)
b(ij)el kao smrt -
to be very pale, very white (lit. to be white as death)
побелео је од страха - to turn pale with fear (lit. to turn white with fear)

DANISH
hvid som et lagen - very pale (lit. white as a sheet)

DUTCH
een wit voetje halen - to make a good impression (via flattery) (lit. to get a white foot)
wit rond de neus worden - to get scared (lit. to get around the nose)
wit om de neus zien - to look nauseous (lit. to lookwhite around the nose)
zie ik zo wit? - do you think I'm crazy? (lit. do I look that white?)
geld witwassen - to launder money (lit. to whitewash money)
witte rook zien - a decision is already made (lit. to see white smoke)
de prins op het witte paard - the man of one's dreams (lit. the prince on the white horse)
witte werkster - a housemaid whose income is reported for taxes (lit. a white worker)

ESTONIAN
ronka ei saa valgeks pesta - to be unable to hide/change something's true nature (lit. a raven cannot be washed white)

GERMAN
eine weiße Weste haben - to be innocent (lit. to have a white vest)
weiße Mäuse sehen - to see things that are not there (lit. to see white mice)
hier steht es schwarz auf weiss -to be written, official (lit. it's here in black and white)
halbgötter in Weiß - physicians (lit. demigods in white)

GREEK
είναι άσπρος/άσπρισε σαν πανί- to be/turn pale, ghostly white due to fear (lit. to be/turn as white as a sheet)
άσπρο σαν το χιόνι - very white (lit. white as snow)
λευκός γάμος - a marriage without sexual contact (lit. white marriage)

IRISH
fear ag lorg capall bhán - someone looking for something one already has (lit. a man looking for a white horse)

ITALIAN
pesce/carne in bianco - plain fish/meat (lit. fish/meat in white)
mangiare in bianco 
- to eat without condiments (lit. to eat in white)
vedere bianco per nero
- to be deceived (lit. to see white for black)
passare una notte in bianco - to have a sleepless night (lit. to pass a night in white)
avere carta bianca -
  to have full authorisation to do what you want (lit. to have white card)
settimana bianca
 - a skiing vacation (lit. a white week)
morti bianche
 - people who die while they are working (lit. white deaths)
mosca bianca - a rare / unusual thing which stands out (lit. a white fly)
piu bianco
non si può - [from a popular tv ad] couldn't be more clean (lit. more white you cannot)
bianco come la neve
- snow-white (lit. white as snow)
rendere l'occasione bianca - to spoil it (lit. to make the occasion white)
bianco come un panno lavato
- to be as white as a sheet (very pale, usually because of illness, shock, or fear) (lit. white as washed cloth)
pretendere bianco per nero - to mislead (lit. to claim white for black)
di punto in bianco
- suddenly, unexpectedly (lit. from a point in white)
un coro di voci bianche
 - a children's chorus (lit. a chorus of white voices)
matrimonio in bianco - an unconsumated marriage (lit. a white marriage)
andare in bianco
- to go into the white (lit. to have no success with someone romantically)
essere bianco dalla paura - be very scared (lit. be white for fear)
fare un assegno in bianco - to give somebody a blank check (lit. make a blank check)
mettere nero su bianco - to write down (lit. to put black on white)

LITHUANIAN
baltas pavydas
- to be extremely jealous of something in a good way (lit. a white jealousy)
baltas it popierius - to be extremely pale (lit.white as a paper sheet)
balta varna - a person who is different from the crowd (lit. a white crow)

NORWEGIAN
å stirre døden i hvitøyet - to face one's fear, to achieve the seemingly impossible (lit. to stare death in the white of the eye)
hvitevarer - kitchen appliances such as fridge, stove and also washingmachines, tumbler dryer
hvit løgn - a small or harmless lie in order to be polite or avoid hurting someones feelings (lit. a white lie)

POLISH
bialy kruk - something rare (lit. a white raven)
w bialy dzien - in broad daylight (lit. in a white day)
do bialego rana - until the white dawn
doprowadzic kogos do bialej goraczki - to make someone angry (lit. to lead someone into a white fever)
biale szalenstwo - to ski (lit. white madness)

POLISH
biały tydzień - The week after the first communion when children go to church (lit. white week)

PORTUGUESE
deu um branco -to be unable to rememer (lit. white happened)
passar em brancas nuvens - to go by unnoticed (lit. to pass by in white clouds)
passar a noite em branco - to have a sleepless night (lit. to pass a night in white)
passar em branco - to go through a special day with celebrations (lit. to pass in white)
branquear dinheiro - to launder money (lit. to whiten money)
ficar branco como a cal - to be very pale (lit. to be white as lime)

ROMANIAN
cusut cu ata alba - obviously fake (lit. sewn with white thread)
a semna în alb - to grant full trust (lit. to sign in white)
scor alb - a score of zero (lit. a white score)
versuri albe - lyrics without rhyme (lit. white lyrics)
noapte alba - a sleepless night (lit. a white night)
arma alba - an object with a blade that can be used as a weapon (lit. white weapon)
a scoate cuiva peri albi - to annoy someone to exasperation (lit. to give someone white hair)
nici alba, nici neagra - undecided, ambiguous (lit. neither white nor black)
a deosebi albul de negru - to differentiate right from wrong (lit. to differentiate white from black)
a face albul negru - to falsify, misrepresent (lit. to make white black)
ba e alba, ba e neagra - to be contradictory, to be keep changing (lit. to be now white, now black)
a economisi bani albi pentru zile negre - to save for a rainy day (lit. to save white money for black days)
alb ca varul - very pale (lit. white as lime)

SPANISH
pasar una noche en blanco - to have a sleepless night (lit. to spend a night in white)
decir que lo blanco es negro - to say something untrue (lit. to say that white is black)
poner los ojos en blanco - to roll your eyes in disbelief/disapproval (lit. to put the eyes in white)
poner la mente en blanco - to clear your mind of thoughts (lit. to put your mind in white)
blanquear dinero - to launder money (lit. to whiten money)
ser más blanco que la leche - to be very white (lit. whiter than milk)
quedarse en blanco - to forget something one should remember (lit. to stay in white)
votar en blanco - to return a blank ballot (lit. to vote in white)
tirar al blanco - to shoot at the target (lit. to shoot at the white)
estar sin blanca - to be broke (lit. to be without white)
tener carta blanca - to have full authorisation or permission (lit. to have white card)
cachetada con guante blanco - responding to aggression in an elegant and non-violent manner (lit. a slap in the face with a white glove)
un mirlo blanco - a rare thing (lit. a white blackbird)
trata de blancas - human trafficking (lit. the trade of whites)
no distinguir lo blanco de lo negro - to not distinguish right from wrong (lit. to not distinguish white from black)

SCOTTISH GAELIC
ceannach geal an uair thig an sneachd - a bribe (lit. a white present when the snow comes)
chan 'eil e geal da - he is not fond of him (lit. he has no white for him)

SWEDISH
han jobbar vitt - to pay taxes (lit. to work white)
vit vecka - a week without any alchohol (lit. white week)

TURKISH
ak akce kara gun icindir - white money for a black day (lit. savings for a rainy day)

WELSH
ar gefn ei geffyl gwyn - full of mischief (lit. on the back of his white horse)

ARCHAIC CZECH
obléci bílý kabát - to put on the white coat  (lit. join the army)

ENGLISH
beet red - dark red (usuall used to describe a face)
to catch someone red-handed - to catch someone in the act of doing something wrong or illegal
to be shown the red card - to be dismissed from a job
to be in the red - to be in debt
to see red - to be very angry
red tape - official or bureaucratic tasks
a redneck - an ignorant, insensitive type
a red eye flight- an airplane flight that takes off after midnight
to roll out the red carpet - to greet a person with great respect, to give a big welcome
red herring - a clue or piece of information which is or intends to be misleading or distracting
red rag to a bull - a deliberate provocation that is certain to bring about an adverse reaction
to see the red light - to recognize approaching danger
red hot - in high demand, something that everybody wants
red flag -a sign that something that is not right, a warning sign
to paint the town red- to go out and have a good time partying

FRENCH
agiter le chiffon rouge - to start a conversation about a tricky subject (lit. to wave the red tea towel)
alerte rouge - readiness for emergency (lit. red alert)
du gros rouge - some bad quality red wine (lit. some big red)
être dans le rouge - an overdraft (lit. to be in the red)
être la lanterne rouge - to be the last one (lit. to be the red lantern)
être rouge de colère - to be very angry (lit. to be red with anger)
être sur liste rouge - a phone number that can’t be found on the directory (lit. to be on the red list)
fil rouge - a common theme (lit. red yarn)
la planète rouge - planet Mars (lit. the red planet)
le téléphone rouge - the telephone line between two heads of state (lit. the red telephone)
manger du pain rouge - to live off of murders (lit. to eat some red bread)
passer au rouge - to jump the lights (lit. to go on red)
rouge de confusion - to be embarrassed (lit. red with confusion)
se fâcher tout rouge - to get really crossed with somebody (lit. to get angry all red)
sortir du rouge - to recover from an overdraft (lit. to get out of the red)
tirer à boulets rouges - to assail (lit. to shoot red cannonball)
un rouge - a communist (lit. a red)
voir rouge - to have an angry outburst (lit. to see red)
le rouquin - red wine with a lot of body (lit. a red-haired one)
être rouge comme une tomate - to blush from embarrassment (lit. to be as red as a tomato)

BOSNIAN/CROATIAN/SERBIAN/MONTENEGRIN
crven kao rak - to be very angry (lit. to be red like a crab)
biti rumen kao ruža/jabuka - to redden, to blush (lit. to be as read as rose/apple)

CATALAN
estar/posar-se vermell com un tomàquet - to be very red, to redden; to blush; (lit. to be/becom red like a tomato)

DUTCH
geen rode cent hebben - to be broke (lit. to not have a red cent)
rood aanlopen van schaamte - to blush with shame (lit. to stain red with shame)

ESTONIAN
puust ja punaseks tegema - to make something really clear (lit. to make something out of wood and paint it red)

GERMAN
auf der roten Liste stehen - to be endangered (lit. to stand on the red list)
heute rot, morgen tot - here today, gone tomorrow (lit. today red, tomorrow dead)
rot sehen - to be very angry, in a rage (lit. to see red)
rot werden - to blush (lit. to get red)

GREEK
κοκκινίζω από τον θυμό - to get very angry (lit. to redden from anger)
κόκκινος-η σαν παντζάρι - to blush (lit. to turn beet red)
βλέπω κόκκινα - to be angry, in a rage (lit. to see red)

IRISH
deargbhréag - a blatant, bald-faced lie (lit. a red lie)
dearg-ghráin - deep-seated or intense hatred (lit. red hatred)
deargiomaíocht - cut-throat competition (lit. red rivalry)
gudh dearg - fury (lit. red rage)
brothall dearg - intense heat of day (lit. red swelter)

HUNGARIAN
majd ha piros hó esik - when red snow falls (lit. never)

ITALIAN
diventare rosso in viso - to become embarrassed (lit. to turn red in the face)
al calor rosso - to be so hot that it turns red (lit. to the red heat)
rosso come un peperone - to blush (lit. red like a pepper)
bandiera rossa - a warning signal, a sign that something’s wrong (lit. a red flag) 
linea rossa - a hotline (lit. a red line)
una toga rossa - a magistrate accused of being left-wing biased by a conservative (lit. a red toga)
stendere il tappeto rosso - to give a big welcome, to roll out the red carpet
una pellicola rossa - an adult erotic film (lit. a red movie)
camicie rosse - the volunteers who followed Giuseppe Garibaldi to southern Italy durino the Italian Unification (lit. red shirts)
allarme rosso - a serious warning of danger (lit. a red alert)
dare il disco rosso - give something to someone (lit. Ggve the red disk)
rosso d'uovo - egg yolk (lit. red of the egg)
vedere roso - to get very angry (lit. to see red)
quartiere a luci rosse - a brothels district (lit. red-lighted district)

LITHUANIAN
visas raudonas kaip vežys
- to blush (lit. to be red as a lobster)
išraudes kaip burokas - to blush (lit. to be red as a beetroot)

NORWEGIAN
rosenrødt - picture perfect (lit. rose red)
rødøyd - to cry and be upset (lit. red-eyed)
rødglødende - extremely passionate (lit. glowing in red). It can also describe a level of activity: if one's phone is 'glowing in red', it is ringing a lot.
rød tråd (historien må ha en rød tråd) - to see something as a whole, the story is bound together by something

POLISH
czerwony jak burak - to blush (lit. to bered as a beetroot)
czerwienić się - to blush (lit. to redden)

PORTUGUESE
vermelho de raiva - very angry (lit. red with anger)
vermelho vivo - very bright red (lit. red 'alive')
exército vermelho - Soviet army (lit. red army)

ROMANIAN
a vedea în fața ochilor tăi- to be overcome with rage (lit. to see red in front of one's eyes)
rosie - a tomato (lit. red)
roșu ca racul fiert - red with shame (lit. as red as boiled crayfish)
firul roșu - a recurring theme (lit. the red thread)
roșu - a communist advocate/follower (lit. a red)

SCOTTISH GAELIC
dearg - to make an impression, to plough (lit. to redden)
cha d'fhuair sinn deargadh - to not even get one (e.g. a fish) (lit. to not get a reddening)
deargan-doirionn - a nebula (lit. a red stain)
cha dearg mi air - to not be able to manage it (lit. to be unable to make it red)
dearg-amadan - a complete fool (lit. a red fool)
dearg-namhaid - a sworn enemy (lit. a red enemy)
dearg—mheirleach - a notorious thief (lit. a red thief)

SPANISH
estar al rojo vivo - to be at fever pitch (lit. to be at vivid red)
más rojo que un pimiento - very red (lit. redder than a red pepper)
más vale una vez colorado que cien amarillo - better to get angry once and strongly (lit. better once red than one hundred times yellow)
y colorín colorado, este cuento se ha acabado - and that is the end of the story) (lit. and bright red, this story has ended)
más listo que los ratones colorado - very cunning (lit. more clever than red mice)
atardecer rojo, mañana gris - when the sunset is red, the sky dawns with clouds (lit. red sunset, gray morning)
sonrojarse - to blush (lit. to become red)
ponerse rojo como un tomate - to blush (lit. to redden as a tomato)

SLOVENIAN
rdeč kot kuhan rak - to blush (lit. to be red like a cooked crab) 

SWEDISH
röda värden - close to the limit (lit. red values)
inte ett rött öre - completely broke (lit. not a red penny)
röd dag - a holiday (lit. a red day)

WELSH
ffilm coch - a film with erotic content (lit. a red film)

ENGLISH
to be green - to be inexperienced
to give sb. or sth. the green light - to give permission/to approve
to be green with envy - to be very jealous
to have green fingers/a green thumb  - to be skillful in the garden
green belt - an area of fields and trees around a town
green room - the common waiting room back stage for performers
green pass - Covid-19 vaccination certificate
the grass is always greener on the other side - the things a person lacks seem more appealing than the things he or she has

FRENCH
un vert - an ecologist (lit. a green)
un vieillard encore vert - an old man who is still lively (lit. an old man still green)
une verte réprimande - a reprimand (lit. a green reprimand)
une volée de bois vert - a violent thrashing (lit. a thrashing of green wood)
avoir le nombril vert - to be young and immature (lit. to have a green navel)
avoir le pouce vert/avoir la main verte - to be gifted taking care of plants (lit. o have a green thumb/hand)
en voir des vertes et des pas mûres - to be a hard one to digest (lit. to see some green and some not ripe)
donner le feu vert - to give authorisation (lit. to give a green light)
envoyer quelqu’un au diable vert - to get rid of someone by sending him or her far away (lit. to send someone to the green devil)
être vert de jalousie - to be very jealous (lit. to be green with jealousy)
être vert de peur - to be very scared (lit. to be green with scare)
être vert de rage - to be very angry (lit. to be green with rage)
le billet vert - the dollar banknote (lit. the green banknote)
petits hommes verts - aliens (lit. the little green men)
prendre quelqu’un sans vert - to catch somebody off-guard (lit. to take someone without green)
se mettre au vert - to go and rest in the countryside (lit. to get into green)
son vert - sound with a high-pitched tone (lit. his/hers green)
langue verte - slang (lit. green language)
être la fin des haricots verts - to be all over (lit. to be the end of the green beans) 
chou vert et vert chou - six of something, a half-dozen of something else; to be exactly the same thing) (lit. cabbage green and green cabbage) 
la fée verte - absinthe (lit. the green fairy) 
les bas verts - prostitutes (lit. green stockings) 

ALBANIAN
ndihesh jeshil - to feel bad (lit. to feel green)

BOSNIAN/CROATIAN/SERBIAN/MONTENEGRIN
pozelenio od muke - to be angry (lit. to turn green with distress)
dati zeleno svjetlo - give green light (lit. to give somebody permission to do something)
biti zelen kao zelena trava - to be very/too green (lit. to be green as green grass)

BULGARIAN
да позеленее от яд/завист - to turn red with anger (lit. to turn green with anger)

CZECH
šedá je teorie a zelený je strom života - grey is the theory and green is the tree of life (adapted quotation by J.W Goethe:  “All theory is grey, my friend. But forever green is the tree of life.”)

DANISH
på den grønne gren - to do well, to be fortunate (lit. to be on the green branch)
at være grøn af misundelse - to be very envious (lit. to be green from envy)
skide grønne grise - to be very nervous (lit. to defecate green pigs)
ha gröna fingrar - to be gifted taking care of plants (lit. to have green fingers)
det grønne bord - a table used for an examination (lit. the green table)
håbet er lysegrønt - stay hopeful even when it looks bleak (lit. hope is light green)

DUTCH
zich groen en geel ergeren - to be very irritated (lit. to be irritated green and yellow)
groen van jaloezie zien - to be very jealous (lit. to see green from jealousy)
zo groen als gras zijn - to be naive, oblivious or never having been kissed (lit. ato be s green as grass)
groen achter de oren - to be young and inexperienced (lit. to be green behind the ears)

ESTONIAN
körvade tagant roheline - to be naive, immature (lit. green-eared)

FINNISH
olla kateudesta vihreä - to be very jealous (lit. to be green with jealousy)

GERMAN
sich grün und blau ärgern - to be really mad (lit. to become green and blue from anger)
jemanden grün und blau schlagen - to beat someone up violently (lit. to beat someone green and blue)
ach du grüne Neune! - Oh my God!; an exclamation of surprise, fear or wonder (lit. Oh, you green nine!)
die grüne Fee - absinth (lit. the green fairy)
noch grün hinter den Ohren sein - to be inexperienced (lit. to still be green behind the ears)
das Gleiche in grün - the same thing with a different appearance (lit. the same in green)
er ist mir nicht grün - to seem strange, to seem green to someone (lit. to be green to somebody)
er wird nie auf einen grünen Zweig kommen - to never get anywhere (lit. to never get onto a green twig)
ins Grüne fahren - to take a ride into the countryside (lit. to ride into the green)
Grün vor Stolz - to be very proud (used only in old fairy tales) (lit. to be green with pride)
Grün vor Neid - to be very envious (lit. to be green with envy)
einen grünen Daumen haben - to be gifted taking care of plants (lit. to have a green thumb)

HUNGARIAN
zöldfülű - inexperienced (lit. to have green ears)

IRISH
is glas iad na cnoic í fhad uainn - things that are not ours, not close to us, always seem better (lit. the hills far away are green)

ITALIAN
essere al verde - to have no money (lit. to be at the green)
verde di bile - to get angry (lit. to be green as bile)
verde dalla rabbia - to be very angry (lit. to be green from rage)
il tavolo verde - the gaming table in a casino (lit. the green table)
un numero verde - a call-free number (lit. a green phone number)
gli anni verdi - the best of times (lit. the green years)
verde età - youth (lit. green age)
essere verde dall’invidia - to be very envious (lit. to be green from envy)
avere il pollice verde - to be good at cultivating plants and flowers (lit. to have the green thumb)
dare il disco verde - to give way to something (lit. to give the green disk)
verde speranza - refers to green as a colour of hope; everytime someones uses it something good may happen (lit. green hope)

LITHUANIAN
žali obuoliai, žalios uogos, žalia mesa, vyras
- raw/unboiled fruits, berries, meat, milk (lit. green apples, green strawberries, green meat, green milk)
žalias kailis - undone fur (lit. a green fur)
žalias jaunuolis - an unexperienced person (lit. a green youngster)
žalia akyse - to feel sick (lit. green in the eyes)
žalias pienas - unboiled milk (lit. green milk)
žalia šviesa - a moonlight (lit. a green light)
zâna verde - absinthe (lit. green fairy)

NORWEGIAN
grønnskolling - a completely inexperienced person (lit. a greenhead)
grønne lunger - a park in an urban area (lit. green lungs)
vaske munnen med grønnsåpe - to wash someone's mouth out with soap, usually children (lit. to wash someone's mouth with green soap)
sitte på den grønne gren - to be successful, to do well by oneself
grønn av misunnelse - to be green with envy
grønne fingre - to have a green thumb

POLISH
nie miec zielonego pojecia - to have no knowledge at all about something (lit. not to have a green idea)
Zielone Swiatki - Pentecost (lit. Green Festival)
poslac na zielona trawke - to fire someone from work (lit. to send onto green grass)
byc zielonym z zazdrosci - to be very envious (lit. to be green with envy)
zielony jak szczypiorek na wiosnę - totally inexperienced (lit. to be as green as chive in the spring)

PORTUGUESE
ficar verde de ciúme/inveja - to be very jealous (lit. to become green of jealousy)
ficar verde de raiva - to become furious (lit. to become green with rage)
verdes anos - adolescence (lit. green years)

ROMANIAN
a fi verde de ciuda - to be rancourous, spiteful (lit. to be green from rancour)
a îndruga verzi si uscate - to say useless things (lit. to mumble greens and dried-up things)
a spune verde în fata - to say something bluntly (lit. to say something green to the face)
verde de Paris - insecticide from copper arsenite and acetate (lit. green of Paris)
a visa (a spune) cai verzi pe pereti - to imagine or say nconceivable things to dream (lit. to say green horses on walls)
adio si un praz verde - an expression of indifference to the addresse (lit. farewell and a green onion (scallion))
a dormi pe iarba verde - to sleep outdoors (lit. to sleep in green air)
a vedea stele verzi - to be dizzy (e.g. after hitting one's head) (lit. to see green stars)
verde - plainly, openly (lit. green)
burta verde - an itinerant peddler (lit. green-belly)
unda verde - permission (lit. a green wave)

SPANISH
darse un verde de algo - to have one's fill of something (lit. to tuck into one’s food)
ser más raro que un perro verde - to be odd, strange (lit. to be stranger than a green dog)
un chiste verde - a dirty joke (lit. a green joke)
poner verde a alguien - to criticize someone (lit. to put someone green)
estar muy verde - to be a work in progress/to be too inexperienced (lit. to be very green)
un viejo verde - a lecherous, a dirty old man (lit. a green old man)
estar verde de envidia - to be very envious (lit. to be green from envy)
¡A buenas horas, mangas verdes! - too little, too late! (lit. at the right time, green sleeves!)

SLOVENIAN
biti zelen - to be inexperienced (lit. to be green)
biti zelen od zavisti - to burst with envy (lit. to be green from envy)

SWEDISH
vara på grön kvist  - as rich as green (lit. wealthy)
det är grönt - to be safe to proceed, the coast is clear (lit. it is green)
komma på grön kvist - to improve one's finances (lit. to get on a green branch)

SCOTTISH GAELIC
uaineachan - a wan, pallid-looking person (lit. a green person)
is uaine feur na faiche as fàsaiche - to do something unique or pioneering can be brilliant (lit. green is the colour of the least trodden field)

TURKISH
yesillenmek - to get fresh or to molest (lit. to turn green)

ENGLISH
to be yellow-bellied - to be extremely timid, cowardly
a yellow streak - cowardice in character

FRENCH
être jaune de jalousie - to be extremely jealous (lit. to be yellow with jealousy)
être jaune - a fearful sportsman/woman (lit. to be yellow)
être peint en jaune - to be cheated on by a spouse (lit. to be painted in yellow)
fièvre jaune - yellow fever (lit. yellow fever)
franchir la ligne jaune - to go too far (lit. to cross the yellow line)
rire jaune - a sour laughter (lit. yellow laugh)
un jaune - a strikebreaker (lit. a yellow)
un petit jaune - a pastis with some water (lit. a small yellow)
voir jaune - to be pessimistic (lit. to see something yellow) 

BOSNIAN/CROATIAN/SERBIAN/MONTENEGRIN
biti žut kao krpa - to be nauseous (lit. to be yellow as cloth)
žuta minuta - short period of time when someone behaves in an inexplicable negative way (lit. yellow minute)

DANISH
et barn på gule plader - a step-child (lit. a child with yellow licence plates)

FINNISH
keltanokka - a beginner, a rookie (lit. yellow-beaked)

HUNGARIAN
a sárga földig leissza magát - to be really drunk (lit. to drink down to the yellow earth)
a sárga lesz az irigységtől - to be very jealous about something (lit. to become yellow from envy)

GERMAN
gelb vor Eifersucht werden - to be very jealous (lit. to become yellow with jealousy)
Gelb vor Neid sein - to be very envious (lit. to be yellow with envy)
das Gelbe vom Ei - a good thing (lit. the yellow of the egg)

GREEK
κίτρινος-η σαν κερί - to be afraid, worried (lit. to be yellow as a candle)

ITALIAN
un (libro) giallo - a thriller or crime/police novel (lit. a yellow book)
giallo d'invidia - very envious (lit. yellow with envy)
un giallo - an unsolved mystery (lit. a yellow)
giallo come la bile - when someone is really full of displeasure and rancor (lit. yellow as bilis)

LITHUANIAN
geltonas liežuvis
- to be sick (lit. a yellow tongue)

NORWEGIAN
slå noen gul og blå - to beat someone up badly (lit. to beat someone yellow and blue)

POLISH
zóltodziób - an inexperienced person, a rookie (lit. a yellow beak)
miec zólte papiery - to be insane (lit. to have yellow papers)

PORTUGUESE
me ferrei de verde e amarelo! - to be in trouble (lit. to be screwed in green and yellow)
sorriso amarelo - a forced, insincere smile (lit. a yellow smile)

ROMANIAN
a se îngalbeni de frica - to become visibly afraid (lit. to become yellow with fear)
a flutura stegulete galbene - to blather (lit. to stream little yellow flags)
galben ca turta de ceara - to be very pale (lit. to be as yellow as wax cake)
a râde/surâde galben -to laugh or smile in a forced, insincere way (lit. to laugh or smile yellow)

SCOTTISH GAELIC
buidheach - jaundice (lit.yellowness)

SPANISH
prensa amarilla - a tabloid; an unreliable media outlet (lit.yellow press )
amarillismo - sensational journalism; journalism that tries to excite the audience (lit. yellowness)

SWEDISH
gul och blå
- yellow and blue (lit. black and blue)

TURKISH
sararip solmak - looking sad or unwell (lit. getting yellow and withered)

ENGLISH
blue pencil - to censor
blue-eyed boy - a boy who has been singled out for special favours by someone in authority
bolt from the blue - to make a huge but vain effort to win a person's agreement
to have the blues - to be sad or depressed
the boys in blue - the police
once in a blue moon - very rarely
blue in the face - to make a huge but vain effort to win a person's agreement
out of the blue - unexpectedly
blue-blooded - a person of noble birth
blue chip - a company or share that has with a national reputation for quality, reliability and the ability to operate profitably in good times and bad
blue stocking - an intellectual or literary woman
to be blue with cold - to be extremely cold

FRENCH
une peur bleue - to be scared to death (lit. to have a blue fright)
avoir le sang bleu - to belong to the aristocracy (lit. to have blue blood)
avoir les bleus - to be sad, gloomy (lit. to have the blues)
avoir un bleu to have a bruise (lit. to have a blue) 
avoir un peur bleue - to be very scared; scared to death (lit. to have a blue fear)
casque bleu - a soldier (lit. a blue helmet)
col bleu - a worker (lit. a blue collar)
colère bleue - an angry outburst (lit. a blue fit of anger)
conte bleu - a lie (lit. a blue tale)
cordon bleu - a very good cook (lit. a blue escalope)
détenir le ruban bleu - to be in the first place (lit. to own the blue ribbon)
donner son bleu à quelqu’un - to fire someone (lit. to give one’s blue to someone)
en être tout bleu ou en rester bleu - to be dumbfounded (lit. to be all blue or to be blue from it)
être blanc-bleu - to have an untouched reputation (lit. to be white-blue)
être bleu de quelqu’un (expression belge) - to be crazy in love (lit. to be blue of somebody)
chocolat bleu pâle (expression belge) - to be in a bad shape, to feel sick (lit. white-blue chocolate)
être dans le bleu - to be uncertain (lit. to be in the blue)
être fleur bleue - to be romatic; to be naïve (lit. to be a blue flower) 
faire le bleu - to skip class (lit. to do the blue)
la grande bleue - the Mediterranean sea (lit. the big blue)
la planète bleue - the planet Earth (lit. the blue planet)
l’heure bleue - the moment before dawn (lit. the blue hour)
l’or bleu - in reference to the sea that represents a source of wealth (lit. the blue gold)
menton bleu - a shaved chin showing that the beard must be very black (lit. blue chin)
papier bleu - a bailif act (lit. blue paper)
passer au bleu - to forget intentionnaly (lit. to move on to the blue)
steak bleu - a grilled steak that is raw inside (lit. blue steak)
un bas-bleu - a scholar woman (lit. blue stockings)
un bleu an inexperienced person, a rookie (lit. a blue) 
un petit bleu - a telegram (lit. a small blue)
en être bleu - to be in the blue (lit. struck dumb)
sacré bleu - an expression of emotion, like "my God!" (lit. sacred blue!) 
ne voir qu'en bleu - to be in the dark, uninformed (lit. to see nothing but blue) 
fureur bleue - extreme anger (lit. blue fury) 

BOSNIAN/CROATIAN/SERBIAN/MONTENEGRIN
poplaviti od bola - to be in a lot of pain (lit. got blue by pain)
plavac/ci - police office (lit. the blue one/s)

CZECH
modré ponde - blue Monday (lit. a Monday taken as holiday after the weekend)
dát/snést nekomu modré z nebe - to give/bring someone everything they could want (lit. to give/bring someone the blue from the sky)
je to to samé v blede modrém - to be essentially the same thing (lit. to be the same in light blue)

DANISH
at være blåøjet - to be naïve (lit. to be blue-eyed)
blå bog - a social register or a school yearbook (lit. a blue book)
blå mandag - an unauthorized day off from work or a celebratory day after church confirmation (lit. a blue Monday)
blåstemple - to designate as acceptable or high-quality (lit. to stamp with blue ink)

DUTCH
een blauwtje lopen - to be turned down when asking for a date (lit. to walk a blue)
een blauwe maandag - a short period of time (lit. a blue Monday)
zich blauw betalen - to pay a lot of money (lit. to pay yourself blue)
blaubekken - to feel extremely cold (lit. to get a blue mouth)
iemand bont en blauw slaan - to bruise someone by beating them (lit. to beat someone bright and blue)
iets blauw-blauw laten - to leave something as it is (lit. to leave something blue-blue)

ESTONIAN
sinisilmne - naïve or childish (lit. blue-eyed)

FINNISH
sinisilmäinen - naïve or childish (lit. blue-eyed)

GERMAN
das Blaue vom Himmel herunter lügen - to lie constantly (lit. to lie the blue out of the sky)
sich grün und blau ärgern - to be very angry (lit. to anger oneself green and blue)
blau machen - to take time off (lit. to make blue)
mit einem blauen Auge davonkommen - to get off unscathed (lit. to get away with a blue eye)
die blaue Stunde - the time before dusk/dawn (lit. the blue hour)
blau sein - to be drunk or stoned (lit. to be blue)
ein blaues Wunder erleben - to get a real shock/ nasty surprise (lit. to experience a blue wonder)
blauäugig sein - to be naïve, gullible (lit. to be blue-eyed)
ein blaues Auge haben - to have a bruised eye (lit. to have a blue eye)
einen blauen Fleck haben - to have a bruise (lit. to have a blue bruise)
jemandem das Blaue vom Himmel versprechen - to make big promises (lit. to promise the blue out of the sky)
blaue Bohnen - bullets (lit. blue beans)
auf blauen Dunst hin - without exact knowledge on a future undertaking (lit. in a blue haze)
jemandem blauen Dunst vormachen - to mislead/deceive someone (lit. to show someone blue haze)
ins Blaue fahren - to drive without having a specific destination (lit. to drive into the blue)
ins Blaue hinein - to make a complete guess (lit. to fall into the blue)
aus dem Blau heraus - unexpectedly; out of nowhere (lit. out of the blue)

GREEK
ένα μπλε - a bruise (lit. a blue)
γίνομαι μπλε - to be/get very cold (lit. to turn blue)

IRISH
fear gorm - a black man (lit. a blue man)

ITALIAN
fifa blu - to be terribly afraid (lit. blue funk)
avere il sangue blu - to be noble (lit. to have blue blood)
il principe azzurro - Prince Charming (lit. a blue prince)

LITHUANIAN
melyni pirštai
- frozen fingers (lit. blue fingers)
pameles iš pykcio - to be very angry (lit. blue from the anger)

NORWEGIAN
bare blåbær - to be easy (lit. to do only blueberries)
blåmandag - a bad day after a good weekend (lit. a blue Monday)
blåøyd - naïve (lit. blue-eyed)
blåfrossen - to be blue-skinned from the cold (lit. blue frozen)
blåveis / blått øye - a bruised eye (lit. a blue eye)
blålys - police cars (lit. blue lights)
den blå timen - the time before dusk or dawn especially during winter (lit. the blue hour)

POLISH
myslec o niebieskich migdalach - to daydream (lit. to think about blue almonds)

PORTUGUESE
está tudo azul - used when everything is good (lit. everything is blue)

ROMANIAN
baiat cu ochi albastri - a (communist) secret service agent (lit. a blue-eyed boy)
inima-albastra - melancholy (lit. blue heart)
barba-albastra - a man who changes lover frequently (lit. a blue beard)
situatia e cam albastra - a slightly unpleasant situation(lit. things are blue)
haine albastre - townsman's clothes (lit. blue clothes)
a cânta de inima albastra - to sing a love song (lit. to sing of blue heart)

SCOTTISH GAELIC
each gorm
- a dark-grey (lit. a blue horse horse)

SPANISH
un principe azul - Prince Charming (lit. a blue prince)

SLOVENIAN
moder mož/žena - wise man/woman (lit. blue man/woman)

SWEDISH
I det blå - far from reality (lit. in the blue)
ljuga sig blå - to lie very much (lit. to lie yourself blue)
att skita i det blå skåpet - to go too far, make a fool of yourself (lit. to defecate in the blue cabinet)
blåögd - naïve (lit. blue-eyed)
Farbror Blå - the police (lit. Uncle Blue)

WELSH
yng nglas y dydd - early morning (lit. in the blue of the day)
gorau glas
- to do one’s best (lit. ‘blue best’)
glas wen - a smile that is insincere and mocking (lit. a blue smile)
ei orau glas - as busy as one can be (lit. one's blue best)

TURKISH
mavi boncuk dagitmak - to show affection to several people making each believe they are the one (lit. to disperse blue beads)

ENGLISH
browned off - to be bored, annoyed at something
brown nose - to try too hard to please someone in a way that other people find unpleasant:

FRENCH
être brun au jeu - to be lucky (lit. to be brown at games)
être chocolat - to be flabbergasted finding out that one has been tricked (lit. to be chocolate)
faire le chocolat - to pretend to be naive (lit. to make chocolate)
ouvrage marron - a booked printed illegally (lit. a brown book)
une langue brune - a bootlicker (lit. a brown tongue)
faire quelqu'un marron - to cheat on someone (lit. to make someone brown) 
être marron - to be cheated, fooled (lit. to be brown) 
un médecin marron - a bad/poorly educated/fake doctor (quack) (lit. a brown doctor) 
un avocat marron - a crooked lawyer (lit. a brown lawyer)
la peste brune - used to talk about Nazism as an infectious and contagious illness such as a plague, refering to the brownshirts. Nowadays also used to speak about neo-Nazism, fascism and other extreme right-wing political movements (lit. the brown plague)

DUTCH
een bruin café - a old-fashioned wood panelled cafe/pub (lit. a brown café)
ze bruin bakken - to brag or exaggerate (lit. to bake them brown)

GERMAN
eine braune Gesinnung haben - to have an extreme right-wing political point of view (lit. to have a brown disposition)

NORWEGIAN
brunvarer
 - a small electrical appliance (lit. a brown product)

PORTUGUESE
imprensa marrom - disreputable press (lit. the brown press)

SCOTTISH GAELIC
ciar - dusk, gloominess (lit. dark brown)

SPANISH
esto pasa de castaño a oscuro - to be beyond a joke (lit. this goes beyond dark brown)
comerse un marrón - to be given unfair work or blame (lit. to eat a brown)

PORTUGUESE
imprensa marrom - the disreputable/tabloid press (lit. the brown press)

ENGLISH
to be purple of cold - to be extremely cold

FRENCH
être violet de colère - to be angry, in a rage (lit.to be purple of anger)

DUTCH
paars van de kou zien - extremely cold (lit. purple from the cold)

SPANISH
ponerse morado - to be full (of food) (lit. to become purple)
un ojo morado - a bruised eye (lit. a purple eye)

POLISH
purpurowy na twarzy - to be furious (lit. to be purple in the face)

PORTUGUESE
ficar roxo de frio - to feel very cold (lit. to turn purple with cold)
ficar roxo de raiva - to become enraged (lit. to turn purple with rage)

ROMANIAN
vânata
- eggplant / aubergine (lit. blue-purple)
a fi vânat - to be bruised (lit. to be purple)

ENGLISH
to be tickled pink - to be very pleased and appreciative
with rose-tinted spectacles - having an unrealistic view

FRENCH
voir des éléphants roses - to be high, to hallucinate (lit. to see pink elephants)
ce n’est pas tout rose - not all is as nice as it seems (lit. not all is pink )
téléphone rose - an erotic line (lit. the pink telephone)
voir tout en rose - to be optimistic (lit. to see everything in pink)

BOSNIAN/CROATIAN/SERBIAN/MONTENEGRIN
gledati svijet ružičastim naočalama - to be optimistic (sometimes naive) about everything (lit. to view the world in pink glasses)

CZECH
vyspat se do ružova - to sleep oneself into the pink (lit. have had a good night’s sleep) 
nosit ružové brýle - to think that things are more pleasant than they really are (lit.  look at things with rose-coloured glasses)

DANISH
svæve på en lyserød - to be in love (lit. to float on a pink cloud)

DUTCH
op een roze wolkje zitten
- to be (annoyingly) happy in love (lit. to sit on a little pink cloud)
de toekomst ziet er rooskleurig uit - used when future looks good, hopeful (lit. the future looks pink)

ESTONIAN
läbi roosade prillide - to have unrealistic ideas (lit. to see through pink glasses)

GERMAN
die rosarote Brille aufsetzen - to have a positive (although perhaps unrealistic or naive) view (lit. to put on rose-coloured glasses)

ITALIAN
stampa rosa - celebrity/gossip magazines (lit. pink press)
cronaca rosa - gossip column (lit. pink column)
foglio rosa - a temporary driver's licence (lit. a pink sheet)
letteratura rosa - romantic fiction (lit. pink literature)

LITHUANIAN
žiureti pro rožinius akinius 
- to be naive (lit. to look through the pink glasses)

POLISH
patrzeć przez różowe okulary - to have an unrealistic and coloured view (lit. to look throught a ping glasses)

PORTUGUESE
revistas cor-de-rosa - celebrity/gossip magazines (lit. pink magazines)

ROMANIAN
a se face roșu de mânie - to become furious (lit. to turn pink with rage)
a vedea viața în roz - to see the life in pink/rose colours (lit. to be optimistic)
a fi negru de supărare- to sulk, to be visibly angry (lit. to be black with anger)
scrie negru pe alb - to be clearly written, established, fixed (lit. to be written black on white)
n-o fi dracul atât de negru - things are not that bad (lit. the devil is not that black)
a fi negru în cerul gurii - to be cruel (lit. to have a black palate)
mizerie neagră - dire poverty (lit. black misery)
inimă neagră- a spade (in playing cards) (lit. a black heart)
bubă-neagră - anthrax (lit. a black ulcer)
a fi negru la suflet - to be evil (lit. to be black in the soul)
pădure neagră - a deep, dark forest (lit. a black forest)
în negru - in mourning (lit. in black)
cât negru sub unghile - only a little bit, almost nothing (lit. as much as black under the fingernail)
a vedea totul în negru- to be pessimistic (lit. to see everything in black)
a face zile negre - to bother, irritate (lit. to make black days for someone)
pâine neagră - brown bread (lit. black bread)
bani negri - money gained dishonestly (black money)

SPANISH
la prensa rosa - celebrity gossip press, glossy magazines (lit. the pink press)
pintarlo de color rosa - to gild the lily, overdo it (lit. to paint it pink)

SLOVENIAN
ni vse rožnato
- not everything is that good (lit. not everything is pink)

SWEDISH
sväva på rosa moln - to be in love (lit. to float on pink clouds)

TURKISH
pembe yalan - a white lie (lit. a pink lie)

ENGLISH
grey area - a concept or topic that is not clearly defined or that exists somewhere between two extreme positions

FRENCH
être gris - to be drunk (lit. to be grey)
avaleur de pois gris - to be greedy, voracious (lit. someone who swallows grey peas)
bois gris - fuelwood
du gris - some ordinary tobacco (lit. some grey)
eminence grise - the occult advisor of a man in power (lit. a grey eminence)
en voir de grises - to have great difficulties facing something (lit. to see some grey ones)
faire grise mine à quelqu’un - to treat someone with cold indifference (lit. to pull a grey face at somebody)
il fait gris - cold and grey weather (lit. the weather is grey)
matière grise - the brain (lit. grey matter)
or gris - white gold (lit. grey gold)
un petit gris - a kind of fungus or a kind of snail (lit. a small grey)
vie grise - a monotonous life (lit. a grey life)

CZECH
Šedá je teorie a zelený je strom života - grey is the theory, and green is the tree of life (adapted quotation by J.W Goethe:  “All theory is grey, my friend. But forever green is the tree of life.”)

DANISH
fyret på gråt papir - to be fired immediately for a cause (lit. fired on grey paper)
gråzone - something without a clear rule or answer (lit. gray area)

DUTCH
zijn grijze cellen gebruiken- to use your brain (lit. to use your grey cells)
een liedje grijs draaien - to overplay a song (lit. turning a song grey)

GERMAN
nachts sind alle Katzen schwarz - to make no difference (under certain circumstances) (lit. at night all cats are grey)

HUNGARIAN
szürke egér - someone shy, small (lit. a grey mouse)

NORWEGIAN
kommunegrå - dull, depressing (lit. a grey municipality)
gråværsdag - overcast or rainy (lit. a grey weather day)
grå musdescribes someone as boring, uninteresting

POLISH
szara strefa - economic activity including tax evasion (lit. grey sphere)
na szarym koncu - at the tail end (lit. at the grey end)
szary cztowiek - the man on the street (lit. grey person)
szara rzeczywistość - grey reality (lit. sad reality)

SCOTTISH GAELIC
liath - to get moldy (lit. to turn grey)

SPANISH
verlo todo gris - to see everything grey (lit. to see things in a negative way)

SWEDISH
börja få gråa hår - to wait too long for something (lit. to start getting grey hair)
gråsosse - a conservative member of the Socialist party lacking ideals (lit. a grey social democrat)

ENGLISH
born with a silver spoon in one's mouth - to be born into a rich family
silver screen - the cinema
a golden opportunity - the perfect chance
a golden handshake - a large sum of money paid on leaving a job
a golden boy - a young man idolised for a great skill, usually in sport
to pass with flying colours - to pass with distinction
to be in the dark - to be unaware
to show one’s true colours - to show one’s real self

BOSNIAN/CROATIAN/SERBIAN/MONTENEGRIN
gledati kao tele u šarena vrata - to stare at something with surprise/wonder (lit. to stare like a calf at a colourful door)

GERMAN
einen Silberblick haben - to be squint-eyed (lit. to have a silver gaze)
sich eine goldene Nase verdienen - to make a fortune (lit. to earn oneself a golden nose)
bekannt wie ein kunterbunter Hund - to be well-known (lit. to be known like a colourful dog)

GREEK
τρώω με χρυσά κουτάλια - to be very rich (lit. to eat with golden spoons)

NORWEGIAN
gullkorn - an especially clever word/pun/idea (lit. golden grain) 
gylden mulighet - a good chance to achieve something

PORTUGUESE
fiquei bege! - to be astonished (lit. to be beige)
amizade colorida - a friendship which includes sex without commitment (lit. a coloured friendship)
é cor de burro quando foge - to be of a colour hard to describe (lit. to be the colour of a donkey on the run)

SLOVAK
byt´ zlatý - to be sweet, endearing (lit. to be golden)
nevidím to ružovo - not to be optimistic about something (lit. not to see somethingt rosy)
byt´ biely ako stena/krieda - to feel sick (lit. to be white as a wall / a chalk)
byt´ modrý ako šmolko - to feel tired and sick (lit. to be blue like smurf)

SLOVENIAN
bel kot stena - to feel sick (lit. to be white as a wall)

SPANISH
verlo a través de un cristal de colores - to be optimistic (lit. to see something through a coloured glass)
de noche, todos los gatos son pardos - refers to a situation where somebody can barely notice what another person does (lit. in the dark at night, all cats are dark-coloured)

SWEDISH
beige - less than optimal or desirable (lit. beige)
född med en silversked i munnen - to be born into a rich family (lit. to be born with a silver spoon in the mouth)


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